The University of Birmingham is a prestigious red-brick public research university located in Edgbaston, Birmingham, England. Founded through the merger of the Birmingham Medical School (1825) and Mason Science College (1875), it received its Royal Charter in 1900 under the political leadership of Joseph Chamberlain, who served as its first Chancellor. Recognized as England’s first civic or "red-brick" university, Birmingham championed an egalitarian ethos admitting students regardless of religious background, created the UK's first faculty of commerce, built the first dedicated student union building, and incorporated the first women's hall of residence. A founding member of the elite Russell Group and Universitas 21, the university is associated with 11 Nobel laureates and historic breakthroughs including the invention of the cavity magnetron (radar and microwave), proving the feasibility of atomic energy (Frisch–Peierls memorandum), and optical components for Advanced LIGO’s historic gravitational wave detection.

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